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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">moco</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современная конкуренция / Journal of Modern Competition</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Modern Competition</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1993-7598</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-0657</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Московский университет «Синергия»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">WEFKLR</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">moco-696</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Конкуренция в спортивных лигах:теоретические подходы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Competition in sports leagues: theoretical approaches</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>К.А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">ka.andreeva@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Андреева К., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Андреева К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Andreeva K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.moderncompetition.ru/jour/article/view/696">https://www.moderncompetition.ru/jour/article/view/696</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена обзору теоретических работ по анализу конкуренции в спортивных лигах. Болельщики рассматриваются как потребители на рынке спортивных услуг, которые ценят непредсказуемость результатов матча. В статье приводится несколько факторов, влияющих на уровень непредсказуемости спортивных результатов, в том числе уровень таланта в лиге, количество клубов, борющихся за призовые места, и др. В работе представлены статистические данные, демонстрирующие, что в ведущих европейских лигах наблюдается усиление конкуренции между клубами. Для сравнения приводятся способы оценки конкурентности спортивных лиг. Рассматривается классификация спортивных лиг, а также основания, по которым в лигах создаются правила, ограничивающие конкуренцию, перечисляются основные источники, которые могут вызывать монополизацию рынка. На примере отдельных статей разбираются модели конкурентного равновесия в спорте. Приводятся направления дальнейших прикладных исследований по теме конкуренции в спорте на основании результатов обзора теоретических работ ведущих спортивных экономистов Европы и США.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is aimed at overviewing theoretical researches on the analysis of competition in sports leagues. Supporters are treated as consumers in the market of sports services who values the unpredictability of results. The article contains a number of factors that influence the level of unpredictability, including level of talent in leagues, number of clubs capable to be on top places, and others. The first part of the article includes statistics to prove the fact of increasing competition between clubs of the major European leagues: more and more clubs compete with each other for prizes and European cup zone. There is a number of indicators to evaluate the level of competitiveness in sports leagues. Further the article contains classification of sports leagues and reasons of appearing rules that restrict competition, as well as a list of the main factors that cause market monopolization. There is also a review of several articles with models of competitive balance in sport. In the last part of the article issues for further applied researches on the topic of sport competition are listed on the basis of the results of theoretical review of sports economists in Europe and the United States.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спортивные лиги</kwd><kwd>конкуренция</kwd><kwd>экономика спорта</kwd><kwd>теоретические обзоры</kwd><kwd>устройство лиг</kwd><kwd>конкурентность</kwd><kwd>монополизация спорта</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>league design</kwd><kwd>competition</kwd><kwd>sports economics</kwd><kwd>theoretical reviews</kwd><kwd>sports leagues</kwd><kwd>competitiveness</kwd><kwd>sport monopolization</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andreff W. 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