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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">moco</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современная конкуренция / Journal of Modern Competition</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Modern Competition</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1993-7598</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-0657</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Московский университет «Синергия»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37791/2687-0657-2026-20-4-25-45</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">moco-1258</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Конкурентная политика</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Competition policy</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перекрестное субсидирование как механизм дисциплинирования рыночной власти: модель ценообразования аэропорта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cross-Subsidization as a Mechanism to Discipline Market Power: An Airport Pricing Model</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8400-0728</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зубенко</surname><given-names>Андрей Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubenko</surname><given-names>Andrey N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">zubenko.an@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6025-7551</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курдин</surname><given-names>Александр Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurdin</surname><given-names>Alexander A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kurdin@econ.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зубенко А.Н., Курдин А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зубенко А.Н., Курдин А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zubenko A.N., Kurdin A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.moderncompetition.ru/jour/article/view/1258">https://www.moderncompetition.ru/jour/article/view/1258</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена практике перекрестного субсидирования в аэропортах как устойчивому стимулу ограничивать использование рыночной власти и не завышать аэропортовые сборы. Традиционно считается, что аэропорты как естественные монополии максимизируют прибыль путем повышения сборов, однако по мере роста значимости неавиационного сегмента услуг у них формируются стимулы не использовать рыночную власть и снижать сборы. На основе стилизованной модели максимизации прибыли выделены рентная и платформенная логики ценообразования, выявлены пороговые условия перекрестного субсидирования авиационных услуг за счет неавиационных доходов. Показано, что оптимальный аэропортовый сбор убывает по мере роста неавиационной выручки в расчете на одного пассажира. Систематизированы факторы, влияющие на маржинальность неавиационных услуг. Статья уточняет дискуссию о достаточности дисциплинирующего эффекта развития неавиационных услуг для отказа от ex ante экономического регулирования. Применимость модели продемонстрирована через контрфактическую постановку: на данных бухгалтерской отчетности 5 аэропортов России рассчитаны пороговые значения, при которых платформенная бизнес-модель становится обоснованной. Теоретическая значимость работы состоит в уточнении механизмов ценообразования аэропорта в рамках рентной и платформенной логик. В качестве практического вывода при выборе режима регуляторного вмешательства предлагается учитывать, какая логика ценообразования является оптимальной для аэропорта.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines cross-subsidization in airports as an incentive to refrain from the exercise of market power and avoid setting excessive airport charges. The study is relevant as the traditional treatment of airports as natural monopolies presumes that an airport operator has incentives to increase airport charges, meanwhile commercialization and growing importance of non-aeronautical services provide incentives to reduce charges for aeronautical services and not to exploit market power. The study develops a stylized airport profit-maximization model using a vertical-structural approach that distinguishes rent and platform pricing logics and derives threshold conditions under which aeronautical services are cross-subsidized by revenues from non-aeronautical services. The results show that the optimal level of an airport charge decreases as non-aeronautical revenue per passenger increases. The paper also systematizes the factors determining the profitability of non-aeronautical services. In addition, the article adds to the debate widely represented in the airport economics literature on whether the disciplining effect of commercialization is sufficient to argue against ex ante economic regulation. The article also provides the practical application of the model in a counterfactual setting: using financial statements for 5 Russian airports, the study assesses threshold values under which a platform business model is economically justified. The paper concludes that a divergence between private and social optima is not sufficient justification per se for introducing ex ante economic regulation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экономическое регулирование</kwd><kwd>модель ценообразования аэропорта</kwd><kwd>аэропорты</kwd><kwd>аэропортовые сборы</kwd><kwd>неавиационные услуги</kwd><kwd>платформы</kwd><kwd>перекрестное субсидирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>economic regulation</kwd><kwd>airport pricing model</kwd><kwd>airports</kwd><kwd>airport charges</kwd><kwd>non-aviation services</kwd><kwd>platforms</kwd><kwd>cross-subsidization</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания МГУ имени М. В. Ломоносова.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research has been prepared as part of the state assignment of Lomonosov Moscow State University.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Авдашева С. Б., Цыцулина Д. В. Задачи и ограничения антимонопольного контроля регулирования тарифов // Вопросы государственного и муниципального управления. 2014. № 4. С. 27–46. EDN: TFLMHP.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Авдашева С. Б., Цыцулина Д. В. Задачи и ограничения антимонопольного контроля регулирования тарифов // Вопросы государственного и муниципального управления. 2014. № 4. С. 27–46. EDN: TFLMHP.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Волкова Л. П. Управление деятельностью аэропорта. 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